import pickle
import subprocess
import sys
import weakref
from functools import partial
from ase.gui.i18n import _
from time import time
import numpy as np
from ase import Atoms, __version__
import ase.gui.ui as ui
from ase.gui.defaults import read_defaults
from ase.gui.images import Images
from ase.gui.nanoparticle import SetupNanoparticle
from ase.gui.nanotube import SetupNanotube
from ase.gui.save import save_dialog
from ase.gui.settings import Settings
from ase.gui.status import Status
from ase.gui.surfaceslab import SetupSurfaceSlab
from ase.gui.view import View
class GUI(View, Status):
ARROWKEY_SCAN = 0
ARROWKEY_MOVE = 1
ARROWKEY_ROTATE = 2
def __init__(self, images=None,
rotations='',
show_bonds=False, expr=None):
if not isinstance(images, Images):
images = Images(images)
self.images = images
self.observers = []
self.config = read_defaults()
if show_bonds:
self.config['show_bonds'] = True
menu = self.get_menu_data()
self.window = ui.ASEGUIWindow(close=self.exit, menu=menu,
config=self.config, scroll=self.scroll,
scroll_event=self.scroll_event,
press=self.press, move=self.move,
release=self.release,
resize=self.resize)
View.__init__(self, rotations)
Status.__init__(self)
self.subprocesses = [] # list of external processes
self.movie_window = None
self.vulnerable_windows = []
self.simulation = {} # Used by modules on Calculate menu.
self.module_state = {} # Used by modules to store their state.
self.arrowkey_mode = self.ARROWKEY_SCAN
self.move_atoms_mask = None
self.set_frame(len(self.images) - 1, focus=True)
# Used to move the structure with the mouse
self.prev_pos = None
self.last_scroll_time = time()
self.orig_scale = self.scale
if len(self.images) > 1:
self.movie()
if expr is None:
expr = self.config['gui_graphs_string']
if expr is not None and expr != '' and len(self.images) > 1:
self.plot_graphs(expr=expr, ignore_if_nan=True)
@property
def moving(self):
return self.arrowkey_mode != self.ARROWKEY_SCAN
def run(self):
self.window.run()
def toggle_move_mode(self, key=None):
self.toggle_arrowkey_mode(self.ARROWKEY_MOVE)
def toggle_rotate_mode(self, key=None):
self.toggle_arrowkey_mode(self.ARROWKEY_ROTATE)
def toggle_arrowkey_mode(self, mode):
# If not currently in given mode, activate it.
# Else, deactivate it (go back to SCAN mode)
assert mode != self.ARROWKEY_SCAN
if self.arrowkey_mode == mode:
self.arrowkey_mode = self.ARROWKEY_SCAN
self.move_atoms_mask = None
else:
self.arrowkey_mode = mode
self.move_atoms_mask = self.images.selected.copy()
self.draw()
def step(self, key):
d = {'Home': -10000000,
'Page-Up': -1,
'Page-Down': 1,
'End': 10000000}[key]
i = max(0, min(len(self.images) - 1, self.frame + d))
self.set_frame(i)
if self.movie_window is not None:
self.movie_window.frame_number.value = i + 1
def copy_image(self, key=None):
self.images._images.append(self.atoms.copy())
self.images.filenames.append(None)
if self.movie_window is not None:
self.movie_window.frame_number.scale.configure(to=len(self.images))
self.step('End')
def _do_zoom(self, x):
"""Utility method for zooming"""
self.scale *= x
self.draw()
def zoom(self, key):
"""Zoom in/out on keypress or clicking menu item"""
x = {'+': 1.2, '-': 1 / 1.2}[key]
self._do_zoom(x)
def scroll_event(self, event):
"""Zoom in/out when using mouse wheel"""
SHIFT = event.modifier == 'shift'
x = 1.0
if event.button == 4 or event.delta > 0:
x = 1.0 + (1 - SHIFT) * 0.2 + SHIFT * 0.01
elif event.button == 5 or event.delta < 0:
x = 1.0 / (1.0 + (1 - SHIFT) * 0.2 + SHIFT * 0.01)
self._do_zoom(x)
def settings(self):
return Settings(self)
def scroll(self, event):
CTRL = event.modifier == 'ctrl'
# Bug: Simultaneous CTRL + shift is the same as just CTRL.
# Therefore movement in Z direction does not support the
# shift modifier.
dxdydz = {'up': (0, 1 - CTRL, CTRL),
'down': (0, -1 + CTRL, -CTRL),
'right': (1, 0, 0),
'left': (-1, 0, 0)}.get(event.key, None)
# Get scroll direction using shift + right mouse button
# event.type == '6' is mouse motion, see:
# http://infohost.nmt.edu/tcc/help/pubs/tkinter/web/event-types.html
if event.type == '6':
cur_pos = np.array([event.x, -event.y])
# Continue scroll if button has not been released
if self.prev_pos is None or time() - self.last_scroll_time > .5:
self.prev_pos = cur_pos
self.last_scroll_time = time()
else:
dxdy = cur_pos - self.prev_pos
dxdydz = np.append(dxdy, [0])
self.prev_pos = cur_pos
self.last_scroll_time = time()
if dxdydz is None:
return
vec = 0.1 * np.dot(self.axes, dxdydz)
if event.modifier == 'shift':
vec *= 0.1
if self.arrowkey_mode == self.ARROWKEY_MOVE:
self.atoms.positions[self.move_atoms_mask[:len(self.atoms)]] += vec
self.set_frame()
elif self.arrowkey_mode == self.ARROWKEY_ROTATE:
# For now we use atoms.rotate having the simplest interface.
# (Better to use something more minimalistic, obviously.)
mask = self.move_atoms_mask[:len(self.atoms)]
center = self.atoms.positions[mask].mean(axis=0)
tmp_atoms = self.atoms[mask]
tmp_atoms.positions -= center
tmp_atoms.rotate(50 * np.linalg.norm(vec), vec)
self.atoms.positions[mask] = tmp_atoms.positions + center
self.set_frame()
else:
# The displacement vector is scaled
# so that the cursor follows the structure
# Scale by a third works for some reason
scale = self.orig_scale / (3 * self.scale)
self.center -= vec * scale
# dx * 0.1 * self.axes[:, 0] - dy * 0.1 * self.axes[:, 1])
self.draw()
def delete_selected_atoms(self, widget=None, data=None):
import ase.gui.ui as ui
nselected = sum(self.images.selected)
if nselected and ui.ask_question(_('Delete atoms'),
_('Delete selected atoms?')):
self.really_delete_selected_atoms()
def really_delete_selected_atoms(self):
mask = self.images.selected[:len(self.atoms)]
del self.atoms[mask]
# Will remove selection in other images, too
self.images.selected[:] = False
self.set_frame()
self.draw()
def constraints_window(self):
from ase.gui.constraints import Constraints
return Constraints(self)
def select_all(self, key=None):
self.images.selected[:] = True
self.draw()
def invert_selection(self, key=None):
self.images.selected[:] = ~self.images.selected
self.draw()
def select_constrained_atoms(self, key=None):
self.images.selected[:] = ~self.images.get_dynamic(self.atoms)
self.draw()
def select_immobile_atoms(self, key=None):
if len(self.images) > 1:
R0 = self.images[0].positions
for atoms in self.images[1:]:
R = atoms.positions
self.images.selected[:] = ~(np.abs(R - R0) > 1.0e-10).any(1)
self.draw()
def movie(self):
from ase.gui.movie import Movie
self.movie_window = Movie(self)
def plot_graphs(self, key=None, expr=None, ignore_if_nan=False):
from ase.gui.graphs import Graphs
g = Graphs(self)
if expr is not None:
g.plot(expr=expr, ignore_if_nan=ignore_if_nan)
def pipe(self, task, data):
process = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, '-m', 'ase.gui.pipe'],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
pickle.dump((task, data), process.stdin)
process.stdin.close()
# Either process writes a line, or it crashes and line becomes ''
line = process.stdout.readline().decode('utf8').strip()
if line != 'GUI:OK':
if line == '': # Subprocess probably crashed
line = _('Failure in subprocess')
self.bad_plot(line)
else:
self.subprocesses.append(process)
return process
def bad_plot(self, err, msg=''):
ui.error(_('Plotting failed'), '\n'.join([str(err), msg]).strip())
def neb(self):
from ase.utils.forcecurve import fit_images
try:
forcefit = fit_images(self.images)
except Exception as err:
self.bad_plot(err, _('Images must have energies and forces, '
'and atoms must not be stationary.'))
else:
self.pipe('neb', forcefit)
def bulk_modulus(self):
try:
v = [abs(np.linalg.det(atoms.cell)) for atoms in self.images]
e = [self.images.get_energy(a) for a in self.images]
from ase.eos import EquationOfState
eos = EquationOfState(v, e)
plotdata = eos.getplotdata()
except Exception as err:
self.bad_plot(err, _('Images must have energies '
'and varying cell.'))
else:
self.pipe('eos', plotdata)
def reciprocal(self):
if self.atoms.cell.rank != 3:
self.bad_plot(_('Requires 3D cell.'))
return
kwargs = dict(cell=self.atoms.cell.uncomplete(self.atoms.pbc),
vectors=True)
return self.pipe('reciprocal', kwargs)
def open(self, button=None, filename=None):
chooser = ui.ASEFileChooser(self.window.win)
filename = filename or chooser.go()
format = chooser.format
if filename:
try:
self.images.read([filename], slice(None), format)
except Exception as err:
ui.show_io_error(filename, err)
return # Hmm. Is self.images in a consistent state?
self.set_frame(len(self.images) - 1, focus=True)
def modify_atoms(self, key=None):
from ase.gui.modify import ModifyAtoms
return ModifyAtoms(self)
def add_atoms(self, key=None):
from ase.gui.add import AddAtoms
return AddAtoms(self)
def cell_editor(self, key=None):
from ase.gui.celleditor import CellEditor
return CellEditor(self)
def quick_info_window(self, key=None):
from ase.gui.quickinfo import info
info_win = ui.Window(_('Quick Info'), wmtype='utility')
info_win.add(info(self))
# Update quickinfo window when we change frame
def update(window):
exists = window.exists
if exists:
# Only update if we exist
window.things[0].text = info(self)
return exists
self.attach(update, info_win)
return info_win
def surface_window(self):
return SetupSurfaceSlab(self)
def nanoparticle_window(self):
return SetupNanoparticle(self)
def nanotube_window(self):
return SetupNanotube(self)
def new_atoms(self, atoms):
"Set a new atoms object."
rpt = getattr(self.images, 'repeat', None)
self.images.repeat_images(np.ones(3, int))
self.images.initialize([atoms])
self.frame = 0 # Prevent crashes
self.images.repeat_images(rpt)
self.set_frame(frame=0, focus=True)
self.notify_vulnerable()
def notify_vulnerable(self):
"""Notify windows that would break when new_atoms is called.
The notified windows may adapt to the new atoms. If that is not
possible, they should delete themselves.
"""
new_vul = [] # Keep weakrefs to objects that still exist.
for wref in self.vulnerable_windows:
ref = wref()
if ref is not None:
new_vul.append(wref)
ref.notify_atoms_changed()
self.vulnerable_windows = new_vul
def register_vulnerable(self, obj):
"""Register windows that are vulnerable to changing the images.
Some windows will break if the atoms (and in particular the
number of images) are changed. They can register themselves
and be closed when that happens.
"""
self.vulnerable_windows.append(weakref.ref(obj))
def exit(self, event=None):
for process in self.subprocesses:
process.terminate()
self.window.close()
def new(self, key=None):
subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, '-m', 'ase', 'gui'])
def save(self, key=None):
return save_dialog(self)
def external_viewer(self, name):
from ase.visualize import view
return view(list(self.images), viewer=name)
def selected_atoms(self):
selection_mask = self.images.selected[:len(self.atoms)]
return self.atoms[selection_mask]
@property
def clipboard(self):
from ase.gui.clipboard import AtomsClipboard
return AtomsClipboard(self.window.win)
def cut_atoms_to_clipboard(self, event=None):
self.copy_atoms_to_clipboard(event)
self.really_delete_selected_atoms()
def copy_atoms_to_clipboard(self, event=None):
atoms = self.selected_atoms()
self.clipboard.set_atoms(atoms)
def paste_atoms_from_clipboard(self, event=None):
try:
atoms = self.clipboard.get_atoms()
except Exception as err:
ui.error(
'Cannot paste atoms',
'Pasting currently works only with the ASE JSON format.\n\n'
f'Original error:\n\n{err}')
return
if self.atoms == Atoms():
self.atoms.cell = atoms.cell
self.atoms.pbc = atoms.pbc
self.paste_atoms_onto_existing(atoms)
def paste_atoms_onto_existing(self, atoms):
selection = self.selected_atoms()
if len(selection):
paste_center = selection.positions.sum(axis=0) / len(selection)
# atoms.center() is a no-op in directions without a cell vector.
# But we actually want the thing centered nevertheless!
# Therefore we have to set the cell.
atoms = atoms.copy()
atoms.cell = (1, 1, 1) # arrrgh.
atoms.center(about=paste_center)
self.add_atoms_and_select(atoms)
self.move_atoms_mask = self.images.selected.copy()
self.arrowkey_mode = self.ARROWKEY_MOVE
self.draw()
def add_atoms_and_select(self, new_atoms):
atoms = self.atoms
atoms += new_atoms
if len(atoms) > self.images.maxnatoms:
self.images.initialize(list(self.images),
self.images.filenames)
selected = self.images.selected
selected[:] = False
# 'selected' array may be longer than current atoms
selected[len(atoms) - len(new_atoms):len(atoms)] = True
self.set_frame()
self.draw()
def get_menu_data(self):
M = ui.MenuItem
return [
(_('_File'),
[M(_('_Open'), self.open, 'Ctrl+O'),
M(_('_New'), self.new, 'Ctrl+N'),
M(_('_Save'), self.save, 'Ctrl+S'),
M('---'),
M(_('_Quit'), self.exit, 'Ctrl+Q')]),
(_('_Edit'),
[M(_('Select _all'), self.select_all),
M(_('_Invert selection'), self.invert_selection),
M(_('Select _constrained atoms'), self.select_constrained_atoms),
M(_('Select _immobile atoms'), self.select_immobile_atoms),
# M('---'),
M(_('_Cut'), self.cut_atoms_to_clipboard, 'Ctrl+X'),
M(_('_Copy'), self.copy_atoms_to_clipboard, 'Ctrl+C'),
M(_('_Paste'), self.paste_atoms_from_clipboard, 'Ctrl+V'),
M('---'),
M(_('Hide selected atoms'), self.hide_selected),
M(_('Show selected atoms'), self.show_selected),
M('---'),
M(_('_Modify'), self.modify_atoms, 'Ctrl+Y'),
M(_('_Add atoms'), self.add_atoms, 'Ctrl+A'),
M(_('_Delete selected atoms'), self.delete_selected_atoms,
'Backspace'),
M(_('Edit _cell'), self.cell_editor, 'Ctrl+E'),
M('---'),
M(_('_First image'), self.step, 'Home'),
M(_('_Previous image'), self.step, 'Page-Up'),
M(_('_Next image'), self.step, 'Page-Down'),
M(_('_Last image'), self.step, 'End'),
M(_('Append image copy'), self.copy_image)]),
(_('_View'),
[M(_('Show _unit cell'), self.toggle_show_unit_cell, 'Ctrl+U',
value=self.config['show_unit_cell']),
M(_('Show _axes'), self.toggle_show_axes,
value=self.config['show_axes']),
M(_('Show _bonds'), self.toggle_show_bonds, 'Ctrl+B',
value=self.config['show_bonds']),
M(_('Show _velocities'), self.toggle_show_velocities, 'Ctrl+G',
value=False),
M(_('Show _forces'), self.toggle_show_forces, 'Ctrl+F',
value=False),
M(_('Show _Labels'), self.show_labels,
choices=[_('_None'),
_('Atom _Index'),
_('_Magnetic Moments'), # XXX check if exist
_('_Element Symbol'),
_('_Initial Charges'), # XXX check if exist
]),
M('---'),
M(_('Quick Info ...'), self.quick_info_window, 'Ctrl+I'),
M(_('Repeat ...'), self.repeat_window, 'R'),
M(_('Rotate ...'), self.rotate_window),
M(_('Colors ...'), self.colors_window, 'C'),
# TRANSLATORS: verb
M(_('Focus'), self.focus, 'F'),
M(_('Zoom in'), self.zoom, '+'),
M(_('Zoom out'), self.zoom, '-'),
M(_('Change View'),
submenu=[
M(_('Reset View'), self.reset_view, '='),
M(_('xy-plane'), self.set_view, 'Z'),
M(_('yz-plane'), self.set_view, 'X'),
M(_('zx-plane'), self.set_view, 'Y'),
M(_('yx-plane'), self.set_view, 'Alt+Z'),
M(_('zy-plane'), self.set_view, 'Alt+X'),
M(_('xz-plane'), self.set_view, 'Alt+Y'),
M(_('a2,a3-plane'), self.set_view, '1'),
M(_('a3,a1-plane'), self.set_view, '2'),
M(_('a1,a2-plane'), self.set_view, '3'),
M(_('a3,a2-plane'), self.set_view, 'Alt+1'),
M(_('a1,a3-plane'), self.set_view, 'Alt+2'),
M(_('a2,a1-plane'), self.set_view, 'Alt+3')]),
M(_('Settings ...'), self.settings),
M('---'),
M(_('VMD'), partial(self.external_viewer, 'vmd')),
M(_('RasMol'), partial(self.external_viewer, 'rasmol')),
M(_('xmakemol'), partial(self.external_viewer, 'xmakemol')),
M(_('avogadro'), partial(self.external_viewer, 'avogadro'))]),
(_('_Tools'),
[M(_('Graphs ...'), self.plot_graphs),
M(_('Movie ...'), self.movie),
M(_('Constraints ...'), self.constraints_window),
M(_('Render scene ...'), self.render_window),
M(_('_Move selected atoms'), self.toggle_move_mode, 'Ctrl+M'),
M(_('_Rotate selected atoms'), self.toggle_rotate_mode,
'Ctrl+R'),
M(_('NE_B plot'), self.neb),
M(_('B_ulk Modulus'), self.bulk_modulus),
M(_('Reciprocal space ...'), self.reciprocal)]),
# TRANSLATORS: Set up (i.e. build) surfaces, nanoparticles, ...
(_('_Setup'),
[M(_('_Surface slab'), self.surface_window, disabled=False),
M(_('_Nanoparticle'),
self.nanoparticle_window),
M(_('Nano_tube'), self.nanotube_window)]),
# (_('_Calculate'),
# [M(_('Set _Calculator'), self.calculator_window, disabled=True),
# M(_('_Energy and Forces'), self.energy_window, disabled=True),
# M(_('Energy Minimization'), self.energy_minimize_window,
# disabled=True)]),
(_('_Help'),
[M(_('_About'), partial(ui.about, 'ASE-GUI',
version=__version__,
webpage='https://wiki.fysik.dtu.dk/'
'ase/ase/gui/gui.html')),
M(_('Webpage ...'), webpage)])]
def attach(self, function, *args, **kwargs):
self.observers.append((function, args, kwargs))
def call_observers(self):
# Use function return value to determine if we keep observer
self.observers = [(function, args, kwargs) for (function, args, kwargs)
in self.observers if function(*args, **kwargs)]
[docs] def repeat_poll(self, callback, ms, ensure_update=True):
"""Invoke callback(gui=self) every ms milliseconds.
This is useful for polling a resource for updates to load them
into the GUI. The GUI display will be hence be updated after
each call; pass ensure_update=False to circumvent this.
Polling stops if the callback function raises StopIteration.
Example to run a movie manually, then quit::
from ase.collections import g2
from ase.gui.gui import GUI
names = iter(g2.names)
def main(gui):
try:
name = next(names)
except StopIteration:
gui.window.win.quit()
else:
atoms = g2[name]
gui.images.initialize([atoms])
gui = GUI()
gui.repeat_poll(main, 30)
gui.run()"""
def callbackwrapper():
try:
callback(gui=self)
except StopIteration:
pass
finally:
# Reinsert self so we get called again:
self.window.win.after(ms, callbackwrapper)
if ensure_update:
self.set_frame()
self.draw()
self.window.win.after(ms, callbackwrapper)
def webpage():
import webbrowser
webbrowser.open('https://wiki.fysik.dtu.dk/ase/ase/gui/gui.html')